How To Graft A Mango Tree: Mango Grafting Technique

Know all the steps to learn how to graft a mango tree. Grafted mango trees take a shorter time to start flowering and fruiting. Grafting is a technique used to join two plants to grow them as a single plant [1,2]. The upper part (scion) of one plant after grafting grows on the root system (rootstock) of another plant.

Mango grafting procedure

There are several grafting techniques such as top-wedge, whip-tongue and side-veneer, which differ in the way the scion is attached to the rootstock. Usually the mango tree is grafted using top-wedge grafting and veneer grafting techniques. Grafting is the most reliable way of propagating mangoes.
Grafting is most successful when the rootstock (base) variety and the scion (top) variety have the same size stem.

It is very important to get quality scions for grafting, as this will develop into the productive crown of your future mango tree.

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Procedure For Grafting A Mango Tree

Grafting Season

What is the season to try mango grafting. Grafting should be done in summer when the mango tree is actively growing. Graft in early morning or just after sunset, ideally indoors or in a shaded place.

Tools needed for grafting

1. Pruning scissor, Grafting knife : Thoroughly sterilize all the tools including your hands and the working place to  reduce the risk of infection to the plant. You can use isopropyl alcohol, bleach solution (1 part bleach in 9 parts water)
2. Grafting Tape : Use water-proof clear polythene strip.
3. Newspaper and Plastic Bag : Wrap the scion in a wet newspaper and seal in a plastic bag until you are ready for grafting.

Mango Grafting Steps : Step by Step Guide to Mango Grafting

Mango Grafting Step 1 : Select the Rootstock Tree

Select the rootstock from a mango tree grown from seed of the variety that grows well in your area. The rootstock tree should be

1. 6 Months old, at least 1 foot (30 cm) tall and 3-4 mm thick - about a pencil thickness.
2. Disease-free and have resistant to diseases
3. Healthy and vigorous
4. Strong

Mango Grafting Step 2 : Prepare Scion

Select the scion from a high yielding healthy mango tree. The scion should be

1. taken from a young branch
2. pencil thickness matching to the rootstock thickness.
3. 10 cm length
4. have one or two buds, which are swollen but not yet opened.
5. disease-free

Cut the scion with a very sharp knife. Wrap the scion in a wet newspaper and seal in a plastic bag until you are ready to graft or while you carry the scion to the grafting place. Although you can store scions in the sealed bag for a few days, but it is recommended to perform the grafting on the same day for success.

Mango Grafting: Preparing Rootstock for Grafting

1. Using a sharp knife, cut the mango rootstock horizontally at a height of about 8 cm above soil level, ensuring that both the scion and rootstock are of the same thickness.
2. Using a sharp knife, split the rootstock through to a depth of about 1 inch.

Mango Grafting: Preparing the Scion for Grafting

Using a sharp knife, cut both sides of the lower end of the scion to give it 1 inch long V-shape.

Mango Grafting:Joining the Rootstock and Scion

Slide the scion into the slit in the rootstock and align the two parts. It is very important to ensure that both the scion and rootstock have exactly the same thickness at the contact location so that the cambium parts, the white greenish layers just under the bark of the rootstock and the scion are in close contact. If the two parts are not matching, you can reshape the scion again.

Mango Grafting: Sealing the Graft

1. Wrap the joint with a grafting tape or polythene strip tightly. 
2. Cover the scion to increase the temperature and humidity around the graft to increase the chances of a success.
3. In about 2 to 4 weeks, the scion should have developed new leave. Remove the grafting tape or polythene strip when the wound is fully healed.

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References
1. HARTMANN HT, KESTER DE. 1975. Plant Propagation: Principles and Practices. 3rd ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc. 662 p.

2. ABELLANOSA AL, PAVA HM. 1987. Introduction to Crop Science. CMU, Musuan, Bukidnon: Publications Office. 245 p.